As you might expect, the absolutely sumptuous coats displayed by champions photographed or parading at shows are the result of very attentive and meticulous care. But the determining factor is certainly genetics.
As for colors, all shades are permitted, including those accompanied by a brown nose. Many can be very beautiful, with or without the white strands on the forehead and tail that are highly appreciated. It all depends on whether breeders have worked on and selected them. In any case, the broad palette allows everyone to add their personal touch. Among others, there is gold, with or without white markings; black and white; black and tan; even tricolor; almost all white; and, why not, all black, not to mention coats speckled with brown or gray.
The first specimens were often black and white. In the very first standard (a description of the ideal dog) published by the Peking Kennel Club in 1934, it was stated that honey and gold shades were highly sought after. Let us remember that gold was the color of the Chinese imperial court. A little later, the Countess of Anjou, who was part of the Western dog enthusiasts gathered in Peking at the aforementioned club, published a standard in French in 1946. In the section on color, it stated that honey and white were rare and sought after.
We have just mentioned two dates that serve as useful milestones in the history of the Shih Tzu. Indeed, it was in the 1930s that the breed became known to Westerners living in China—mainly members of diplomatic circles—who brought back several specimens that formed the foundation of modern breeding. As for its beginnings in France, they date back to the postwar period.
Let us go back to the beginning. The Shih Tzu is a Tibetan breed. It arrived in China from 1643 onward, at the beginning of the Manchu dynasty. Tibet, a vassal of the Chinese emperor, began presenting its little lion dogs from that date.
Its coat is so dense and long that doing nothing with it is impossible. From there, every fancy is possible, and they have indeed all been explored. But let us remember that it remains above all a dog—and even a well-built dog—whose hunting origins can still be discerned.
Although the coat, its colors, its trims, and their upkeep monopolize attention, we should not forget that there is a dog underneath it all. A well-built dog, with balanced, highly elegant lines, but without excessive refinement. The harmony of its structure is more apparent in the medium and large sizes, whose athleticism is immediately obvious, but the miniature and toy varieties are also built for movement. Whatever their size, poodles move with lightness.
Not only do they move, they also skip and jump: it is as though they were mounted on springs. This energetic quality is not merely a matter of temperament and nervous impulses; it is physical!
Let us focus once more on the head, very elegant and fine, but not underdeveloped, with the typical frontal furrow, a highly visible occipital crest, and a very slight stop. The eyes are not round, but slightly oblique and almond-shaped. They shine like jet, except in brown dogs, whose gaze is amber. The poodle has almost entirely forgotten its hunting past, but its well-developed nose, with wide-open nostrils, and its long, low-set ears betray truly hunting origins. Naturally, its very curly, extremely thick, extraordinarily abundant coat lends itself to every fancy. Each era has had its own fashion. There was a time when the corded poodle was a must. It is now so rare that one may wonder whether it is not going to disappear. It has also been seen in zouave style, zazou style, with pom-poms, in a seaside trim—renamed “Saint-Trop” or “Bermuda” in the 1960s and 1970s—or in a Dutch style. In the German version, this was the Royal Dutch (rzc), characterized by large “boleros.”
The classic, so-called continental trim was joined in 1981 by the English trim, with a topknot on the head and hindquarters that were no longer shaved bare but sculpted into pompons. Over the past ten years or so, this English trim has evolved into the “puppy” style, with the front and hind legs covered by trousers. In fact, there is now only one pompon, on the tail. Show poodles and street poodles have ultimately evolved in parallel toward greater simplicity—except that show poodles have an oversized topknot resting on a more discreet coat. But with more or less hair, depending on whether it is intended to provide a spectacle or to live a normal life, why shouldn’t the poodle remain a well-proportioned dog, capable of highlighting its vitality and dynamism?
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